Timeline on Technology

Homework

Shaban Jahan 12A4

When did Cinema Start?

·      Cinema started in 19^th century

·      Roundhay Garden Scene was the first film recorded in 1888 and it was filmed by Louis Le Prince in October.

When did sound arrive?

·      Before 1923 films were silent until 1923 films sound were made by live musicians and sound effects were spoken by the showmen or projectionist. 

·      In 1929 William Wellman changed the way sound was used during the time because he experimented with technology and pushed it further by using microphones and cameras as well as editing and post-synchronizing sound.

·       Sounds emphasized it benefited genres this means that musical film was produced

·      Film such as The Wizard of OZ become popular

When did colour film start

·      The colour film started and the first film was made with silver halide a photographic emulsion on clear base.

·      The earliest film made in colour were orthochromatic nitrate and recorded cyan ( blue and green)

·      The early filmmakers used the method to go further on making films better such as the film A trip to the moon in 1902

·      The first film that did commercially well was in 1905 by Pathe Frères and it was called

·      A technique was used in 1910s and this was know as film tinting which is a process of popular film base dye that gives the image of colour. This was popular because of the different type of effects used such as red for scenes with fire or firelight, blue for night etc.

·      Tinting happened in the late 1951 and it was used by Sam Newfield in his sci-fi film Lost Continent.

When did TV arrive?

·      TV came out in the early stages of 1920s

·      Images were transmitted by electrically mechanics e.g. fax machines and the pantelegraph 

·      The idea of telephonoscope was invented in 1878 which include telephone

·      Scanning was invented in 1881

·      Paul Gottlieb Nipkow a university student in Germany invented the first ever electromechanical television system in 1884.

·      John Logie Baird transmitted the first moving silhouette images in London in 1925

·      He later invented video camera in 1927

·      The 1990s had the modern developed digital signal- processing technology

·      The first broadcast was in Germany in 1929 and 1936 the Olympic games was broadcasted form Berlin

When did wide screen / panorama arrive?

·      Wide screen arrived in the late 1920s and they were used for short films and newsreels

·      The wide screen was used in Abel Gance’s film Nappleon in 1927 and in 19229 the fox film corporation released a fox grandeur news and fox moietone follies of 1929 in new York

·      In 1953 masked (flat) was introduced.

·      In the 1970s large gauge was in format.

·      Large gauge was used in Ron Howards movie far and away

·      IMAX also becomes popular for blockbuster films.

·      1954 there was the paramount’s VistaVision which showed 70 mm film

·      Star wars showed by paramount’s VistaVision

When did 3D come out?

·      3D films have been existed from the 1950s.

·      3D was shown worldwide in 1980s and 1990s by IMAX and Disney

·      3D become more successful in 2000s to 10

·      Films such as Avatar become blockbusters

·      Over the years different methods have been used.

·      In 1948  used prior method during  the film Golden Era

·      Another method used in the 21^st century is polarization system

·      Another method is eclipse method and this method was used in 1922

·      The new systems allows people to watch 3D moives without glasses

·      This system was known as Autosteroscopic display the image is very sharp.

·      The first Autosterroscopic LCD monitor was shown in 2004

·      In 2009 and 2010 in Japan launch a mobile version.

When did video technology come out?

·      Video technology came out in 1894

·      These’s videos were music video e.g. the little lost child

·      In the early 1930s cartoons featured music video become popular

·      In the 1940s Panoram and  jukebox become popular

·      Musical films came out in videos during 1930s and 1950s

·      E.g. Material Girl and Thriller

·      Computers like Mac, Mac book , Mac pad etc

·      Cameras

·      Mobile phones

·      Other video technology’s

References

·      http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3-D_film

·      http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Widescreen

·      http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Television#History

·      http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_film#The_beginning_of_cinema     

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_CGI_in_films

Viral Marketing

Viral marketing

·      Marketing is the coordinating of promoting a product over several platform

·      Creative ways to get people to talk about that products they are promoting using the internet

·      Viral marketing describes any strategy that encourages individuals to pass on a marketing message to others , creating the potential for exponential growth in the message’s exposure and influence like viruses, such strat

·      E.g. monkey or gorilla music, drum kits played by the gorilla also the chocolate

·      Colour indicates that it could feel anything e.g. purple is hunger

The marketing of a film release

·      Film Fridays > the schedule for forthcoming releases is coordinated and published by the film distributors association.

·      A distributor will assess this schedule to identify a Friday release date where there are only a few films scheduled for release

·      Seasonality of the film

·      The design and printing of posters and other promotional art work

·      The cinema poster > in the UK this means that the standard 30 “x40” quad format is still the cornerstone of theatrical release campaigns. Distributors will also consider other poster campaigns , ranging from underground advertising to billboards

·      Advertising  campaign –locations , ad size and frequency

·      For mainstream films , scale and high visibility is the key

·      In order to extend the reach of advertising and develop more effective communication with audiences at low costs , distributors are looking at increasing to “viral marketing” different from of electronic word of mouth via the internet , email and mobile phone   

Timeline on CGI

Timeline on CGI

By Shaban Jahan 12A4

·      1960s – kitty Russian mathematicians and physicists  created a mathematic modal of moving cat, later it was converted into film

·      1970s – Metadata (1971) experimented 2D animated world’s first key frame animation software used

·      1976 – Future World, 3D computer graphics for animated hand and face was invented

·      1977- Star Wars , used animated 3D wire-frame

·      1979- The Black Hole ,wireless frame modal 3D

·      1980s-  Look, used the first CGI human character “Cindy”

·       1 981- Wolfen , used the first the in-camera effect

·      1985- Tony de patrie – first CGI animated human character with expressions and body language

·      1986- Star Trek IV – used the first cyberwave 3D scanner

·      1987- first TV series to include character models entirely with computers

·      1989- The Abyss- first digital 3D water effect

·      1989- Indiana Jones and the lost Crusade- was the first all digital composite

·      1990- Robocop – first use of real time computer graphics or digital puppetry to create in a motion picture

·      1991- Terminator 2- first realistic human movements on a CGI character

·      1992- Death Becomes Her – first human skin CGI software used

·      1995- Toy Story- First CGI feature length animation

·      1997- Titanic- first wide release feature film with major elements rendered under the open

·      2009- Avatar -  first full length movie using performance capture photo 3D characters and feature fully 3D CGI photo characters  

Release Patterns Film

Release patterns film

Wide release

·      The most common release pattern, in which the film is released nationally in all markets. This is the pattern used by majors , since this type of release patterns requires a heavy investment t in prints and national advertising which while having reach into all markets in expensive  

·      With a wide release the producers and distributors can gain revenues to recoup  their investment in a shorter time period ( provided that the film is successful)

·       Finally , revenues from videocassette / DVD sales can also be released faster from a quickly –executed theatrical release

Modified wide release

·      The film will open in a few major markets and expand week by week to build awareness and allow positive word of mouth reputation to develop 

Exclusive and limited release runs

·      Exclusive and limited runs begin with engagement at a limited number of screens , traditionally in large urban on favourable reviews and positive word of mouth

Territorial saturation

·      Territorial saturation involves saturating a territory with bookings, heavy advertising and promotion, before moving on to another territory. this method would be used for films tailored to specific markets

·      In Canada , this would be seen with French –language films , which primarily would be well known 

The Film Industry

The departments within the film industry

·      Wardrobe

·      Lighting

·      Sounds

·      Prompt

·      Editors

·      Actors/ actress

·      Director

·      Manger

·      Producer

·      Script writer

·      Set designer

·      Dancers / extra people

·      Make up

Production: making movies

Distributions: promoting films and getting them into cinemas and out on DVD, as well as any spinoffs / related media products

Consumption: people paying at the cinema, renting DVDs and downloading or purchasing related

Products

Film distribution

Key words:  

Distribution > meaning how you hand it out

·       Distribution, is the third part of the film supply chain , this is often referred to as “ the invisible art” a process known only to these within the industry , barely written about and almost imperceptible to everyone else

·       Distribution, is the most important part of the film industry , where completed films are brought to life and connected with an audience

·       In the practice of Hollywood, the phases of production distribution and exhibition operate most effectively

·       Vertical integration> the integrating of successive stage in production and marketing process under the ownership or control of a single management organization

Logistics > the organiser of supplies and marketing

·       The distributer will enter into an agreement with the cinema to screen the film on certain “play dates”

·       It’s the responsibility of the distributor to arrange the transportation of the film to the cinema, as part of its wider coordination of print use across the UK.

·       The logistics represents the phase of distribution at its most basic – supplying and circulating copies of the film to theatres of tapes and DVDs to shop.  

The Exam and Key Concepts

The Exam

·      The issues raised by media ownership is contemporary practice

·      The importance of cross media convergence and synergy in production, distribution and marketing
·      The technologies that have been introduced in recent years at the levels of production, distribution , marketing and exchange
·      The significance of proliferation in hardware and content for intuitions and audiences
·      The issue raised in the targeting of national and local audiences( specifically British) by international or global institutions
·      The ways in which the candidates’ owns of media consumption illustrate wider patterns and trends of audience behaviour

Key concepts

·      Digital media > digitised content ( text , graphics audio and video) that can be transmitted over internet or complete networks 

·      Convergence > combing various devices as one i.e. Iphone

·      Synergy > media that is not on the same platform but working together to support each other i.e. tomb raider > movie and game

·      Digital divide > refers to a person’s access to technology or lack thereof because of geographical economical or other reasons 

·      Non-linear media > media that does conform to traditional methods of audience use i.e. sky plus

·      Interactivity > the audience’s ability to participate in media text i.e. public polls , citizen journalists

·      Platform > various means in which we can access media texts i.e. mobile phones , internet , radio

·      Cross-media ownership > when one type of communications i.e. a newspaper owns or is the sister of another company which deals with communications i.e. radio or TV station

·      CGI > computer generate images